I have a ready made paper that needs editing here and there to achieve passing grade.
Subject: Organizational Behavior
I need the work done within 8 hours and no more. (please reject if you can’t make it in time as I cannot submit any later)
Attached below is the paper that needs editing.
Instructor feedback: (work to be done by you)
I have checked your assignment. But you have explained all the concepts in general, not given examples. You have to share your teamwork experience in your assignment. You should assume that you have organised an event in Oman. The event is organised with the help of team members. You have to prepare your assignment like this.
Please follow the below instructions and re write the assignment.
P3- Explain the event organised by your team in Oman. Explain about the event and your team, who is your leader? Who are the members?
– explain the type of team chosen for organising the event.
– prepare the team structure of your team.
-By giving examples from your team, it is required to explain the team roles ( 9 ROLES) based on Belbin’s typology.
-By giving examples, it is required to explain the types of conflicts in your team and methods of resolution of conflicts.(any 3 types of conflicts faced at the time organising the event. Also required to explain about how did your resolved the conflicts.)
– explain the reasons for the effectiveness of your team.
P4- It is required to explain the type of leadership used in your team to organise the event.
* It is advised to apply and analyse ANY ONE leadership theory in the context of your team
College of Banking and Financial Studies
Organizational Behavior
Chaithra Laxmi
Anas Alzadjali
ST10299
Guidelines:
The Youth Entrepreneurship Support Initiative (YESI) of CBFS aims to provide support to the youth and to develop and motivate students to take up various business initiatives. YESI’s Entrepreneurship Club organised a seminar on the topic “Team dynamics” for the students in October 2020. You attended the seminar as a member of the YESI.
The Co-ordinator of the club has asked you to write a report on the topic “team dynamics and organisational behaviour” to reflect on your experience.
You are expected to critically analyse and evaluate the relevance of team development theories in the context of OB concepts and philosophies like path goal theory, contingency theory and social capital theory that influence behaviour in the work place to improve business performance and productivity
Introduction:
The definition of a team is when an organized group of people cooperate to do a function together as a group. A team has certain characteristics that make differs a team from any group of people and these characteristics are that a team has common purpose between its members as well commitment, skills of the members, specified goals and accountability of each member of the group.
As small teams start to expand, grow bigger and become complex; the normal way things worked in small teams do not work as efficiently. To cope with bigger teams and coordinate properly organizations need to establish a way for proper and effitient collaboration and get the best of the team practices and build a trustful and professional space of work.
Team Development:
Team development is process in which teams try and aim to improve the way team members collaborate. Before teams can become highly effective or show good performances they need to go through various stages of growth and these stages are:
Forming stage
The period in which the teams go through orientation and establish basis of the nature of the workplace. During this stage people start to get familiar with each other and then tend to seek leadership as they can be uncertain in some aspects. A certain figure should step up to take control and coordinate the team. Team members in this stage expect certain aspects to be clear and pointed out like what the team offers, what is expected from them and where they fit in in the structure of the organization.
Storming stage
It is a period marked to be difficult and full of conflict and competition as members showcase their personalities. Members can and probably will disagree on some team goals and targets and thus smaller groups may appear with different ideas personalities and mindsets. In order to go through this stage successfully teams must overcome personal differences and conflicts so that they can cooperate effectively and easily and work as a team. This stage is essential for stability.
Norming stage
When and if teams get through the storming stage the team should start to show understanding and collaboration beyond conflicts. During this stage teams should decide and agree on who the leader should be and establish certain roles and chains of command. In this stage teams show increase in performances as interpersonal conflicts are over and a sense of unity emerges and it is necessary to maintain this calmness and unity.
Performing stage
After cooperation and consensus are established the team can move on to the performing stage in which there is clear and stable formation and commitment is shown by members
In the performing stage, consensus and cooperation have been well-established and the team is mature, organized, and well-functioning. There is a clear and stable structure, and members are committed to the team’s mission then the team can proceed to work in sync and increase its performance.
Adjourning stage
After teams start accomplishing their goals comes the adjourning stage in which teams emphasize on finalizing the remaining tasks and note down efforts and results. As workloads start to decrease organizations can change teams and rearranged them according to the needs and workloads of the groups. Performances should be acknowledged and discussed accordingly. Members can be replaces fired or hired and teams can relegate to earlier stages and catch up.
Various Theories in relation to Team Development, Growth and Organisational Behaviour:
CONTINGENCY THEORY:
From the word contingent which means dependent this theory suggest that there in no one optimal way in which organizations or leaderships should run. The leadership should rather shape their organization system that is contingent (dependent) on the internal and external situation of the company. In this theory it is mostly up to the leader to shine and apply his own style and strategies as he sees fit considering the givens. This theory was coined by a psychologist known Fred Edward in the year 1964. In this theory there are two main styles used which are task motivated and relationship motivated. Task motivated leadership involves the accomplishment of numerous tasks that a team has to perform. The theory of relationship motivation is based on the many relationships on an interpersonal basis that exist within the team (Virkus, 2009).
Advantages:
This is a very reliable theory in the hands of an effective leader as the leader basis it in deep research. Contingency theory expanded the concept of leadership as it has given more value to leader and his techniques of operation and increased the set of skills needed from any leader. It says that you cannot expect all leaders to be perfect in the work environment that exists within the operational activities of the firm nor be highly skilled in all the various situations. Therefore, the choice of leaders should be concise to each company and all depending on all their situations and activities. The theory also has data regarding the various styles of leadership and hence these data can be used by the various organizations in creating or helping in the development of future leaders in the process of human resource planning (Virkus, 2009).
Disadvantages:
On the other hand this theory fails to detail certain aspects. It does thoroughly explain why certain styles are effective in one situation and not the other so there is no strict outline to follow without doubt. Also, the scale validity of the theory may not always blend well with the other standard measures of leadership.
Application:
In CBFS there are various leaders for all the different activities and departments of the college and all these leaders apply contingent theories as per their given situations. For example, the national parade organizer has to apply different strategies and may need to be more strict to avoid unnecessary distraction and time wasting that can affect the academic whereas in case of cultural activities the leader can be more flexible as these activities need room for creativeness and exploration.
Social Capital Theory:
Social capital can be described as “the trust, knowledge, reciprocity and shared notes that create quality of life and make a group resilient”. This theory aims to improve businesses’ productivity to make sure that all departments within the business are aligned and have sufficient social capital. For companies to align all their employees and have a mutual goal they need to create new sets of values with the help of the employees that are unique to organization and by doing this employees get a sense of belonging and influence to work environment and it also allows them to showcase better skills and talents. The Social Capital theory can also be achieved by creating a safe and efficient space for communication that is built on transparency and trust thus improving engagement. Managers should be able to develop an identity for the team through better social capital (Tanner, 2014).
Disadvantages:
Some of the main aspects in which the Social Capital Theory can be vague according to Claridge are; that it does not have direct impact on the Capital of a company and is hardly a theory as it lacks briefing and steps and is mainly concern with being social in the workplace. Another disadvantage according to Claridge is that the outcome which may be positive or negative is dependent on the context under which the theory is applied In a certain company making it hard to measure its affect.
Application:
Applying the social capital theory generally comes in handy in any organization or team as it basically emphasizes on the importance of clear communication. For example in CBFS; when the college organizes an open day program or the national day program it requires clear communication from the members taking on the organization tasks in prior to execution in order to share ideas and criticisms. The program leader should value communicated thoughts and ideas and take them into consideration which helps members feel valued and influential. This communication goes on during and after the program as well to assure well organization and smooth running of things.
The Path Goal Theory:
The path goal theory, also known as the path goal theory of leader effectiveness is a theory developed by Robert House in 1971 and revised in 1996 and states that the leader’s progress and success is dependent on the satisfaction and performance of his employee. With that being said it is the leader’s responsibility to provide his employees with proper guidance so that they are able to reach their goals and achieve well through the proper path. This theory requires the leaders to be versatile and flexible so that they can change their styles and techniques depending on the situation and what it needs. For leaders to be effective they should be able to develop and analyze the various tools and resources at their hands for the betterment of their employees satisfaction and effectiveness in the workplace.
Disadvantages:
One of the main disadvantages of this theory is that it is very complex in nature and requires a lot of effort to be put into. This is because it is very important for the leadership to fugure out exactly what motivates the employees and how they behave towards thing to be able to implement the correct style leadership. Another aspect to take into consideration with this theory is that it is not based on very detailed research. Researches on this theory have come short in terms of finding a complete platform that supports all the doubts and assumptions of the theory. It can be difficult to apply this theory on all leaderships due to the complexity of its nature. This theory can be more effective in instances where the leaders have better interpersonal relationship with their workers and hence can come up with a leadership style that suits their employees because of nature of their relationship and the information they have their hands on (Crace, 2014).
Application:
. In CBFS, this theory can be utilized in many places that have relatively smaller teams in which leaders are closer to their team members and have sufficient information that help them set motivations and what so on. For example in an Art convention in CBFS, if the leader of the organizing team has a member that is very creative and has interesting ideas the leader can be more lenient towards his suggestions and take them into consideration. In case a particular team member lacks certain skills, the leader can guide him based on this and help him execute his functions well.
To Conclude:
In conclusion, for any team to work properly and efficiently it needs certain aspects such as transparency, trust, clear communication and should have the team members working towards a common goal that serves the benefits of the team before their own. A good team also requires a leader that is competent and critical in his decision making as well as being open to communication with team members below him. The style of leadership that an organization implements should be choses after thorough investigation and research into the behavior of its members and what motivates them and that is different from one organization to other there for requires uniqueness and individuality to work better for a certain organization.
REFERENCES
ER Services. (2020). The Five Stages of Team Development [Online] Accessed from: https://courses.lumenlearning.com/suny-principlesmanagement/chapter/reading-the-five-stages-of-team-development/ [Accessed on: 8th December, 2020]
Crace. (2014). Is Path-Goal Theory A Practical Leadership Practice? [Online] Accessed from: https://sites.psu.edu/leadership/2018/02/19/is-path-goal-theory-a-practical-leadership-practice/ [Accessed on: 12th December, 2020]
Virkas, S. (2009). Contigency Theory [Online] Accessed from: https://www.tlu.ee/~sirvir/Leadership/Leadership%20Models/critics_towards_contingency_approaches.html [Accessed on: 8th December, 2020]
Andre. (2019). Path Goal Theory of Leadership [Online] Accessed from: https://www.edapp.com/blog/path-goal-theory-in-online-leadership-training/ [Accessed on: 10th December, 2020]
Claridge, T. (2019). Criticisms of Social Capital Theory [Online] Accessed from: https://www.socialcapitalresearch.com/criticisms-social-capital-theory-lessons/
Ahearn, K.K., Ferris, G.R., Hochwarter, W.A. et al. (2004) Leader political skill and team performance. Journal of Management, 30(3), 309–327.
Ainsworth, M.D.S. (1982) Attachment: Retrospect and prospect, in The Place of Attachment in Human Behavior (eds C.M. Parkes and J. Stevenson-Hinde), Basic Books, New York, pp. 3–30.
Albrecht, S.L. and Travaglione, A. (2003) Trust in public senior management during times of turbulent change. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 14, 1–17.
Amabile, T.M. (1997) Motivating creativity in organizations: On doing what you love and loving what you do. California Management Review, 40, 39–58.
Ancona, D. and Caldwell, D.F. (1992) Demography and design: Predictors of new product team performance. Organization Science, 3, 321–341.
I have checked your assignment. But you have explained all the concepts in general, not given examples. You have to share your teamwork experience in your assignment. You should assume that you have organised an event in Oman. The event is organised with the help of team members. You have to prepare your assignment like this.
Please follow the below instructions and re write the assignment.
P3- Explain the event organised by your team in Oman. Explain about the event and your team, who is your leader? Who are the members?
– explain the type of team chosen for organising the event.
– prepare the team structure of your team.
-By giving examples from your team, it is required to explain the team roles ( 9 ROLES) based on Belbin’s typology.
-By giving examples, it is required to explain the types of conflicts in your team and methods of resolution of conflicts.(any 3 types of conflicts faced at the time organising the event. Also required to explain about how did your resolved the conflicts.)
– explain the reasons for the effectiveness of your team.
P4- It is required to explain the type of leadership used in your team to organise the event.
* It is advised to apply and analyse ANY ONE leadership theory in the context of your team
